具梯度项的次线性椭圆型方程解的分析     

杨春娜  王建 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z2):197-201

本文研究了1类具梯度项的次线性椭圆型方程大解和完全有界解的存在性问题。运用上下解方法和极值原理分别得到了Rn上方程存在完全大解的充分必要条件和存在完全有界解的充分条件,并且证明了该方程在Rn中光滑有界区域Ω上不存在大解。  相似文献   

Surface energy and water vapor fluxes observed in a desert plantation in central Iran   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Oliphant  P. Zawar-rezaG. Azizi  A. DehghanpourJ. Harrison 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(10):926-935

Summertime observations of surface radiation budget, energy balance and atmospheric surface layer meteorology were made on an arid valley floor planted with Haloxylon aphyllum to combat desertification in central Iran. The surface microclimate is characterized and compared with other arid regions and the role of ‘desert greening’ on surface fluxes is considered. A high surface albedo (0.265) and large longwave radiation loss produced relatively low net radiation. Energy partitioning was dominated by sensible and ground heat fluxes with opposing diurnal asymmetry governed by strong diurnal variability in eddy diffusivity. The Bowen ratio was 2.53, which fell inside the range of other vegetated arid surfaces. Surface temperature gradients were strong both in the atmospheric surface layer and in the substrate, with consistent lapse conditions by day and inversions at night. The wind regime included a moderate daytime regional wind which displayed Coriolis turning and weaker nocturnal slope flows. Actual evapotranspiration (1 mm dy⁻¹) was only a small fraction of potential evapotranspiration. The diurnal pattern of AET indicates strong stomatal control. The desert greening effect of Haloxylon plantations provided atmospheric water and reduced sensible heat flux by up to 40%.  相似文献   

基于GIS的区域经济统计分析模型研究及应用——以江西省为例     

李恒凯  刘小生  陈优良 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(4)

针对当前GIS软件不能有效满足区域经济统计分析的问题,提出了利用GIS技术重新构建区域经济统计分析模型的新思路。对该模型进行了具体建模和编程实现,并将该模型集成到区域经济统计分析系统中,最后利用该系统对江西省各地区经济进行了统计分析的应用实践。研究表明,该区域经济统计分析模型能够有效地应用于区域的经济统计分析,方便政府部门制定与经济相关的各种决策,具有广泛的应用推广价值。  相似文献   

淮河流域水文随机方法的径流图化(英文)     

严子奇  夏军 《地理学报(英文版)》2011,21(3):441-457

Theoretical difficulties for mapping and for estimating river regime characteristics in a large-scale basin remain because of the nature of the variable under study: river flows are related to a specific area, i.e. the drainage basin, and are hierarchically organized in space through the river network with upstream-downstream dependencies. Another limitation is there are not enough gauge stations in developing countries. This presentation aims at de-veloping the hydro-stochastic approach for producing choropleth maps of average annual runoff and computing mean discharge along the main river network for a large-scale basin. The approach applied to mean annual runoff is based on geostatistical interpolation proce-dures coupled with water balance and data uncertainty analyses. It is proved by an applica-tion in the upstream at Bengbu in the Huaihe River Basin, a typical large-scale basin in China. Hydro-stochasitic approach in a first step interpolates to a regular grid net and in a second step the grid values are integrated along rivers. The interpolation scheme includes a con-straint to be able to account for the lateral water balance along the rivers. Grid runoff map with 10 km × 10 km resolution and the discharge map along the river with the 1 km basic length unit are the main results in this study. This kind of statistic approach can be widely used be-cause it avoids the complexity of hydrological models and does not depend on the meteoro-logical data.  相似文献   

Challenging the boundaries of entrepreneurship: The spatialities and practices of UK ‘Mumpreneurs’     

Carol Ekinsmyth 《Geoforum》2011,42(1):104-114

This paper examines the spatialities and practices of an illustrative sample of UK mumpreneurs, a sub-group of female entrepreneurs who operate at the interface between paid work and motherhood, who are increasing numerically, and who are carving for themselves, a sub-culture of entrepreneurship. They have great policy-importance, not least because the UK government has recognised mothers as a group who need to be encouraged into business ownership. Employing mixed methods with emphasis on qualitative approaches, the research findings suggest that policy makers need to understand better some key aspects of this entrepreneurial activity before their interventions can be effective.  相似文献   

喜马拉雅山中东段蒙达扛日冰川水文与物质平衡观测研究     

王帅帅  周石硚  郑伟 《冰川冻土》2011,33(5):1146-1152

2007年7—9月,在喜马拉雅山中东段蒙达扛日冰川进行了水文和物质平衡的同步观测.结果表明：观测期间,蒙达扛日冰川表现为物质负平衡,冰川消融集中在7月和8月中上旬.观测的70 d内,花杆区冰川物质平衡量为-435～-711 mm,日平均值为-6.2～-10.2 mm.d-1,冰川的总物质平衡量为-355 mm.蒙达扛日...  相似文献   

巴尔喀什湖水量平衡研究   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

龙爱华  邓铭江  谢蕾  王姣妍  李湘权 《冰川冻土》2011,33(6):1341-1352

巴尔喀什-阿拉湖流域是中亚地区重要和独特的景观生态系统,巴尔喀什湖是该区域的核心,其水位变化作为巴尔喀什湖流域生态系统及其保护的主要指标,向来备受世人关注.研究巴尔喀什湖水量平衡,对合理确定巴尔喀什湖生态系统保护目标及保护措施,具有十分重要的理论与现实意义.在明晰巴尔喀什湖水系、水位影响因素的基础上,构建了巴尔喀什湖水...  相似文献   

地表能量变化对多年冻土活动层融化过程的影响   总被引：11，自引：10，他引：1  

李韧  赵林  丁永建  王银学  杜二计  刘广岳  肖瑶  孙琳婵  刘杨  石伟 《冰川冻土》2011,33(6):1235-1242

利用青藏高原北部唐古拉综合观测场2006-2008年辐射平衡及活动层温度观测资料,分析了高原北部地表能量变化对活动层融化过程的影响.结果显示：该地地表能量具有明显的季节变化特征,总辐射、净辐射、土壤热通量及地面热源强度6-7月最大,11-12月最小;研究时段土壤热通量年平均值0.12MJ.m-2.d-1,活动层土壤以吸...  相似文献   

天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川径流对气候变化的响应分析   总被引：10，自引：6，他引：4  

焦克勤  叶柏生  韩添丁  井哲帆  杨惠安 《冰川冻土》2011,33(3):606-611

利用天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川1959-2006年的气象、冰川物质平衡和1980-2006年的水文资料,分析了其冰川径流的变化.结果表明:由于1996年以来的显著升温,导致了1号冰川水文点径流主要受夏季气温变化的控制,冰川物质损失对径流的补给作用已超过了降水的作用.1996-2006年与1980-1995年相比,夏季气温...  相似文献   

太湖水量平衡影响因素分析及误差控制措施研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

申金玉  石亚东  高怡  莫李娟  陈润 《水文》2011,31(3):60-63

本文在搜集2001~2008年太湖水量平衡中各个计算要素的基础上,分析计算太湖水量平衡的绝对误差及相对误差。究其原因,误差产生的影响因素主要有测验手段、风浪、巡测线内的产流、农业用水等。根据对影响因素分析,本文有针对性地提出了误差控制措施,重点是要加强测验手段及频次,从而减小水量平衡误差,为太湖水量分配方案提供更加精准的数据基础和依据。  相似文献